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Read the text and do the tasks to it.
Have you ever asked why a bee sting hurts, or what makes lemons taste sour? Have you ever wondered why nails rust, or why water rolls off a duck's feathers? These are the kinds of questions scientists try to answer in the science called chemistry. If you have thought about these things. you might decide to find out more about chemistry, the study of matter.
From the beginning of human life, people have always wanted to know what things are made of. Even in ancient times, before the Greeks, humans discovered that they could make hard bricks for building houses if they mixed together clay, water, and straw, and then dried the mixture in the sun. They noticed that water from the ocean tasted saltier than water from a stream. They learned that rocks would not bun. They noticed that different types of matter behaved differently.
The ancient Greeks tried to find out matter step by step. They wrote down their ideas, and we can still read what they thought. They said that everything is made out of four basic kinds of matter: earth, air, fire and water. Today, scientists know that isn't right, but people still respect the ideas of the Greeks, because they studied the natural world so carefully.
Later on, people called alchemists began to study matter for their own gain. They thought they could become rich by changing cheap metals like iron into expensive gold. They tried everything they could think of, but no gold ever appeared. Even though the alchemists did not succeed, their experiments taught them many new things about matter.
Today, chemists not only learn what past ages knew about matter, they also gain new knowledge. Now we know more about matter than ever before. But chemists still have plenty to learn. They are still finding out how different materials can be mixed together to make new things.
1. The main goal of chemistry is
A.
to find a set of laws governing matter, motion and energy
B.
to understand matter and it's behavior
to study life and living organisms, their structure, function and evolution
D. to understand the distribution and abundance of living things in the physical environment
2. Chemistry is involved in the processes of
Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the text?
А. metal rusting
B. making new building materials
C. nesting birds
D. salinization of water
3. Alchemists were people
I.
who wanted to become wealthy by getting gold from other metals
Il.
who discovered iron and turned it into gold
If.
who managed to learn more about matter
IV. whose experiments were a success
Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A.
I and Il only
B.
land Ill only
C.
Ill and IV only
D.
Ill and Il only
4. Alchemists
What is TRUE about alchemists?
A. did a lot of harm to the science of chemistry
B. attracted the scientists' attention to the problem of making gold out of other metals distracted the real scientists from solving other problems of chemistry
D. made a contribution to the science of chemistry
5. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the text?
A. The scientists of today pay tribute to the Greek scientists of the past for their ideas.
B.
All things are known to be made of four kinds of matter: earth, air, fire and water.
C.
The ideas of the Greek scientists were incorrect.
D. The Greck scientists studied the natural world thoroughly.
6. The text above is
A. scientific
В.
critical
C. fictional
D. informative
7. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about chemistry?
A. It can explain many things concerning matter.
B.
It can help us make new things.
C. It deals with biological and ecological problems.
D. It has a long history.
8. What is NOT TRUE about alchemists?
A. They studied chemistry for the sake of science.
B.
They studied chemistry for their own good.
C. They made a lot of experiments which help people learn more about matter.
D. They were possessed with the idea of obtaining gold.
9. Which of the following variants might be the best title for the text above?
A. Modern and ancient sciences
B. Chemistry in ancient Greece
C. Alchemists and their experiments
D. What is chemistry?
10. Which of the following can't be used instead of the word "gain" in line I in the last paragraph of the text?
A. get
B. acquire
C. receive
D. collect