Ответ по предмету Английский язык: сочинение про свою семью её очертания ну например: волосы у мамы чёрные и т.д. на английском

Предмет: Английский язык, автор: artlisimov

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Cognitive dissonance theory is based on three fundamental assumptions (see Figure 1).
1. Humans are sensitive to inconsistencies between actions and beliefs.
• According to the theory, we all recognize, at some level, when we are acting in a
way that is inconsistent with our beliefs/attitudes/opinions. In effect, there is a
built in alarm that goes off when we notice such an inconsistency, whether we
like it or not. For example, if you have a belief that it is wrong to cheat, yet you
find yourself cheating on a test, you will notice and be affected by this
inconsistency.
2. Recognition of this inconsistency will cause dissonance, and will motivate an
individual to resolve the dissonance.
• Once you recognize that you have violated one of your principles, according to
this theory, you won’t just say “oh well”. You will feel some sort of mental
anguish about this. The degree of dissonance, of course, will vary with the
importance of your belief/attitude/principle and with the degree of inconsistency
between your behavior and this belief. In any case, according to the theory, the
greater the dissonance the more you will be motivated to resolve it.
3. Dissonance will be resolved in one of three basic ways:
a) Change beliefs
• Perhaps the simplest way to resolve dissonance between actions and beliefs is
simply to change your beliefs. You could, of course, just decide that cheating
is o.k. This would take care of any dissonance. However, if the belief is
fundamental and important to you such a course of action is unlikely.
Moreover, our basic beliefs and attitudes are pretty stable, and people don’t
just go around changing basic beliefs/attitudes/opinions all the time, since we
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rely a lot on our world view in predicting events and organizing our thoughts.
Therefore, though this is the simplest option for resolving dissonance it’s
probably not the most common.
b) Change actions
• A second option would be to make sure that you never do this action again.
Lord knows that guilt and anxiety can be motivators for changing behavior.
So, you may say to yourself that you will never cheat on a test again, and this
may aid in resolving the dissonance. However, aversive conditioning (i.e.,
guilt/anxiety) can often be a pretty poor way of learning, especially if you can
train yourself not to feel these things. Plus, you may really benefit in some
way from the action that’s inconsistent with your beliefs. So, the trick would
be to get rid of this feeling without changing your beliefs or your actions, and
this leads us to the third, and probably most common, method of resolution.
c) Change perception of action
• A third and more complex method of resolution is to change the way you
view/remember/perceive your action. In more colloquial terms, you would
“rationalize” your actions. For example, you might decide that the test you
cheated on was for a dumb class that you didn’t need anyway. Or you may
say to yourself that everyone cheats so why not you? In other words, you
think about your action in a different manner or context so that it no longer
appears to be inconsistent with your actions. If you reflect on this series of
mental gymnastics for a moment you will probably recognize why cognitive
dissonance has come to be so popular. If you’re like me, you notice such
post-hoc reconceptualiztions (rationalizations) of behavior on the part of
others all the time, though it’s not so common to see it in one’s self.

2 года назад

Предмет: Английский язык, автор: Shadow345687

A TEENAGE BUSINESSMAN
When most 14-year-old boys are playing football or computer games after school, James
Kenyon from Manchester is running his own successful business. “I’ve heard of a company in
Scotland selling homemade bath products and thought it was a good idea.
My dad said I could do that, so I decided to take a chance,” James explains. That was two
and a half years ago.
James started selling bath products to his friends and neighbours, but soon he began working
for two local shopkeepers. Since he started his own soap company, selling homemade soap, bath
salt and other bath products, James has earned over & 4,500.
James is proud of his success in business but he thinks there are more important things in his
life. “I’ve learnt lots and I’m really enjoying it, but my school work always comes first.
James` s parents are proud of their son, they think that he plans everything really well – he
does homework and he can focus on the business in his spare time. James says his parents have
been a big support.
In 2006 James became a finalist in the Enterprising Young Brit Award. James is just one of
an extraordinary group of enterprising young British businessmen who have innovative ideas and
enthusiasm for business. Age and experience is certainly no obstacle to their success; their ambition
and energy inspires them to create their money-making ideas.
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2 года назад

Предмет: Қазақ тiлi, автор: Gold180

Помогите билет по казахскому

2 года назад

Предмет: Биология, автор: nyraru39

Що спільного та відмінного в походженні та функціях гармоній і нейрогормонів?

8 лет назад

Предмет: Алгебра, автор: xaker1239

Помогите! Как решить неопределённый интеграл?

8 лет назад

сочинение про свою семью её очертания ну например: волосы у мамы чёрные и т.д. на английском

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