Предмет: Химия, автор: nikitadn2013

Осуществить следующие превращения: СаСО3 → CaO → CaC2 → C2H2 → C2H4 → C2H4Cl2 → C2H4 ↔C2H5OН *

Осуществите превращения: метан → бромметан → этан → этилен → этанол → этилен → этиленгликоль *

Осуществите превражения: пропен → пропанол-2 → пропен → 2-бромпропан → пропен *

Осуществить превращения: этан → хлорэтан → этилен → этанол → этилен → этан *

Осуществить превращения: бутанол-1 → бутен-1 → 2-бромбутан → бутен-2 → 2,3-дибромбутан *
5 вопросов ,помогите пожалуйста очень надо ,заранее спасибо)

Ответы

Автор ответа: IrVB
0
1) CaCO3 = CaO + CO2
CaO + 3C = CaC2 + CO
CaC2 + 2H2O --- CH≡CH + Ca(OH)2
CH≡CH + H2 ---- CH2=CH2 
CH2=CH2 + Cl2 ----  CH2Cl-CH2Cl
CH2Cl-CH2Cl +    Zn ----(t)--- CH2=CH2 + ZnCl2
СH2=CH2 + H2O ----- CH3-CH2-OH

2) CH4 + Br2 ---- CH3Br + HBr
2CH3Br + 2Na ------ CH3-CH3 + 2NaBr
CH3-CH3 ----- CH2=CH2 + H2
CH2=CH2 + H2O ---- CH3-CH2-OH
CH3-CH2-OH ---- (в присутствии H2SO4 конц)--- СH2=CH2 + H2O
3CH2=CH2 + 2KMnO4 + 4H2O ---- 3CH2(OH)-CH2(OH) + 2MnO2 + 2KOH

3) CH2=CH-CH3 + H2O ---- CH3-CH(OH)-CH3
CH3-CH(OH)-CH3 -----(H2SO4 конц, t)-- CH2=CH-CH3 + H2O
CH2=CH-CH3 + HBr ----  CH3-CH(Br)-CH3
CH3-CH(Br)-CH3 + NaOH(спиртовой) ---- CH2=CH-CH3 + NaBr + H2O

4) CH3-CH3 + Cl2 ---- CH3-CH2Cl + HCl
CH3-CH2Cl + NaOH(спиртовой) ----- CH2=CH2 + NaCl + H2O
CH2=CH2 + H2O ---- CH3-CH2-OH 
CH3-CH2-OH ---(H2SO4 конц,t) --- CH2=CH2 + H2O
CH2=CH2 + H2 ---- CH3-CH3

5) CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH ------- CH3-CH2-CH=CH2 + H2O
CH3-CH2-CH=CH2 + HBr ---- CH3-CH2-CHBr-CH3
CH3-CH2-CHBr-CH3 + NaOH(спиртовой) ----- СH3-CH=CH-CH3 + NaBr + H2O
CH3-CH=CH-CH3 + Br2 ---- CH3-CHBr-CHBr-CH3
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UK Political System


The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern. Ireland is a constitutional monarchy. This means that Great Britain is governed by the Parliament and the Queen is Head of State.

The legislative power in the country is exercised by the Houses of Parliament. The British Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The House of Lords is composed of hereditary and life peers and peeresses. The members of the House of Commons are elected by the people. They are elected from the constituencies in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The House of Commons is the real governing body of the United Kingdom.

The executive power is exercised by Prime Minister and his Cabinet. The government is usually formed by the political party which is supported by the majority in the House of Commons. Prime Minister is the majority party leader and is appointed by the Queen. Prime Minister chooses a team of ministers; twenty of the ministers are in the Cabinet.

The second largest party becomes the official opposition with its own leader and the Shadow Cabinet. The two leading parties in Great Britain are the Conservative Party (the Tories) and the Labour Party.

The judiciary branch of the government determines common law and is independent of both the legislative and the executive branches.

There is no written constitution in Great Britain, only precedents and traditions.
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