Предмет: Физика, автор: Vampir21ru

Космическая станция массой M = 10 т движется по круговой орбите вокруг Земли на высоте h1 = 200 км. Какую работу совершит двигатель станции против сил гравитации при переводе станции на орбиту высотой h2 = 300 км? Радиус Земли R = 6400 км, ускорение силы тяжести g = 9,8 1 м/с2.

Ответы

Автор ответа: toft1
0
Производится работа на дистанции
L = h₂ - h₁
cо средней силой
F = 0.5mMG(1/(R + h₁)² + 1/(R + h₂)²),
равная
А = 0.5mMG(1/(R + h₁)² + 1/(R + h₂)²)(h₂ - h₁)
Учитывая, что
MG = gR²
A = 0.5mgR²(1/(R + h₁)² + 1/(R + h₂)²)(h₂ - h₁) = 0.5*10000*9.81*6400000²(1/6600000² + 1/6700000²)100000 = 9 078 000 000 = 9.1 ГДж

примечание
Видно, что из-за неоднородности гравитационного поля Земли, которое приходится учитывать в масштабах расстояний, характерных для орбитальных высот, эта работа меньше работы, исчисляемой для небольших перемещений вблизи поверхности Земли по формуле A = mg(h₂ - h₁) = 9.8 ГДж, каковая формула в данном случае неприменима.

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