Question

Какие были колонии в Британии, какое языковое влияние они имели (как менялся язык)

Answer 1

The British Empire, one of the most powerful empires,established a huge number of colonies and protectorates all over the world. The colonies took place in North America, South America, Europe (Cyprus, Malta and many others), Asia (India, Palestine, Hong Kong and many others), Africa (Egypt, Sudan, Libya and many others), Australia and even the Antarctic. So Great Britain influenced practically the whole world and that's why it's difficult to enumerate the whole number of its colonies.
The main linguistic effect is that the English language was spread around the globe and became the international language. However, the colonized countries influenced English a lot. There appeared many international words in the language borrowed from other languages (from Spanish, Hindi, Arabic and so on).There developed  variants of English - American English, Australian English and arised many dialects and types of accents.