Предмет: География, автор: dzhubangaliev

Каковы климатические условия в лесных зонах?

Какие закономерности отмечаются в смене типов лесов с севера на юг и с запада на восток?

Укажите различия разных типов лесных почв.

Опишите животный мир хвойных и смешанных лесов.

Ответы

Автор ответа: Piraryky
0

  Каковы климатические условия в лесных зонах? Эта зона находится в умеренном климатическом поясе и занимает боле половины территории России.Лето тёплое,зима снежная и умеренно холодная.Осадков выпадает довольно много.Так что для роста растений достаточно как тепла,так и влаги.

  Какие закономерности отмечаются в смене типов лесов с севера на юг и с запада на восток? С севера на юг:сначала идут хвойные,затем смешанные,затем широколиственные леса.Здесь присутствует закон зональности,который обуловлен изменением тепла и влаги.С запада на восток тоже есть свои закономерности:уменьшается количество осадков.Только аж на самом востоке,возле берегов Тихого океана количество осадков опять возрастает.Это изменение соотношения тепла и влаги обусловлено близостью или удалённостью от океана,направлением господствующих ветров.Сначала с запада на восток идут широколиственные леса,затем смешанные,затем хвойные,затем переменно-влажные леса на самом востоке.

  Укажите различия разных типов лесных почв.Хвойные леса-подзолистые почвы,широколиственные леса-чернозёмы и бурые и серые лесные почвы,смешанные леса-дерново-подзолистые почвы.

  Опишите животный мир хвойных и смешанных лесов.Хвойные леса:лось,олень,медведь,рысь,лиса,волк,белка,заяц,соболь.Смешанные леса:кабан,волк,лиса,косуля,зубр,медведь,енот,лось.

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Exercise 3. Answer the questions. 1. Where is Mellish school situated? 2.

How many pupils are there in the school? 3. Is it hard or easy for the teachers to work in this school? 4. Why do some of the pupils sleep during the lessons? 5. Is the principal optimistic?

Mellish school is in the slums of Brooklyn for pupils between twelve and fifteen years of age. There are about 1500 pupils there, and 90 teachers.

It’s a problem school, perhaps one of the most difficult schools in America. The white teachers can’t walk to the school because they may be attacked. They all drive to school, and their cars have special locks. There’s always a black policeman at the door of the school. He has a radio contact with the school guards. Pupils must have a written permission from the teacher if they want to go to the toilet. There’s a guard outside the washroom. Only one child can go into the washroom at a time, and he can’t stay there long.

The children who live in that district go to that school. They are all black children. However, why do the teachers work there?

“It’s very hard of course,” says Jane Flinch, a forty- five-year-old teacher. Most children have problems at home. Some of them are beaten by their parents. Some of them sleep at the lessons because they had to work at night. Some of the children get sick at the lessons because they didn’t have breakfast or even a meal for a day or two.

It’s the love of the job that keeps the teachers in that school. They teach and do social work. They feel that they are doing something good for the children who need help.

“There’s also the problem of violence,” says one of the teachers. “Sometimes when I go into a class, I can feel that some of the children are like a dynamite. However, I feel quite safe. I am sure that other pupils will help me.” There is very little money for teaching in that school. There is no money to buy food for the children.

The principal of the school has been there for many years. A lot of his happy optimism has gone. “No, I’m not optimistic about the future. Look around you,” he says and points out of the window at the high wall round the school. ”It’s not a very bright sight: buildings have holes instead of the windows, shops are closed, groups of people are sitting on the steps of the houses. They have nowhere to go and nothing to do.”

“We need money,” he says, “money is the only way to help this school and these people, and, of course, jobs for the people.”
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