Предмет: Физика, автор: valeriya5519

ДАЮ 50 БАЛЛОВ
8. Яку кількість теплоти необхідно затратити щоб закип'ятити 2,8 кг води, взятої при температурі 33 °С. в чавунній каструлі масою 650 г. якщо в ході даного процесу 56 г води википіло? ​

Ответы

Автор ответа: dinis6353
1

Ответ:

Для вирішення цього завдання можна скористатися формулою для розрахунку кількості теплоти, необхідної для зміни температури речовини:

=

Δ

,

Q=mcΔT,

де:

Q - кількість теплоти,

m - маса речовини,

c - питома теплоємність речовини,

Δ

ΔT - зміна температури.

У цьому випадку ми маємо два процеси: нагрівання води до точки кипіння та випаровування певної кількості води.

Кількість теплоти, необхідна для нагрівання води з 33 °C до 100 °C:

1

=

1

Δ

1

,

Q

1

=m

1

cΔT

1

,

де

1

m

1

 - маса води без урахування випарованої кількості,

c - питома теплоємність води,

Δ

1

ΔT

1

 - зміна температури.

1

=

води

випарованої води

=

2.8

кг

0.056

кг

=

2.744

кг

m

1

=m

води

−m

випарованої води

=2.8кг−0.056кг=2.744кг

Теплоємність води

=

4186

Дж/кг°C

c=4186Дж/кг°C (для води).

Δ

1

=

кінцева

початкова

=

100

°

33

°

=

67

°

ΔT

1

=T

кінцева

−T

початкова

=100°C−33°C=67°C

1

=

2.744

кг

×

4186

Дж/кг°C

×

67

°

=

622317.512

Дж

Q

1

=2.744кг×4186Дж/кг°C×67°C=622317.512Дж

Кількість теплоти, необхідна для випаровування води:

За даними випаровано 56 г води, температура вже 100 °C. Конвертуємо масу в кілограми:

56

г

=

0.056

кг

56г=0.056кг.

2

=

2

,

Q

2

=m

2

L,

де

2

m

2

 - маса випарованої води,

L - теплота пароутворення для води

=

2260

кДж/кг

L=2260кДж/кг.

2

=

0.056

кг

×

2260

кДж/кг

=

126.56

кДж

Q

2

=0.056кг×2260кДж/кг=126.56кДж

Отже, загальна кількість теплоти, яку необхідно затратити, буде сумою цих двох значень:

загальна

=

1

+

2

=

622317.512

Дж

+

126.56

кДж

=

622444.072

Дж

Q

загальна

=Q

1

+Q

2

=622317.512Дж+126.56кДж=622444.072Дж

Загальна кількість теплоти, необхідна для закип'ятіння 2,8 кг води при 33 °C в чавунній каструлі масою 650 г із випаруванням 56 г води, складає приблизно 622444.072 Дж.

Объяснение:

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