WRITING Task. Write an article about a deadly natural disaster. Your article should include the following information: - the type of a natural disaster and its description; - the place where it occurred; - the description of its consequences.
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Nature can act rather scary sometimes. Almost every day TV channels, radio and newspapers report on natural disasters striking different parts of the world. Scientists say that earthquakes, tornados, floods, droughts, tsunamis, landslides and hurricanes are happening more frequently nowadays. Global warming, pollution and growing industrialization lead to imbalance in our echo-system.
A natural disaster can be defined as an uncontrollable extreme disruption which causes ecological and financial damage and victims of vulnerable population. Sometimes the events can be predicted by special meteorological warning systems and they often happen in the same geographical area because they are related to climate and physical characteristics of the region. For example, Florida is constantly suffering from tornadoes and hurricanes, and Japan – from earthquakes.
An earthquake happens when tectonic plates of the earth move and they make the area shake violently. According to the Richter scale the magnitude of earthquakes is measured from 1 to 10 points. The most powerful earthquake was recorded in 1960 in Chile, its magnitude was 9.5.
Volcanic eruptions occur when hot red magma erupts from the earth’s crust and flows from the top of the volcano. It also throws volcano ashes into the air which are harmful to inhale for human beings and animals.
A tsunami is a series of dangerous huge ocean waves, usually caused by underwater earthquakes. This natural disaster attacks the shore all of a sudden and often results in thousands of deaths. The height of the waves can reach 30 metres.
Flooding is another natural disaster. Floods happen when the water level in rivers and seas becomes too high. Sometimes flash floods can even wash away whole villages.
During extremely hot dry summers our world usually suffers from vast forest fires and severe droughts. Wildfires are especially dangerous in windy weather when they spread very easily. Droughts may result in famine because the land becomes dry and people can’t grow any plants and vegetables on it.
A tornado is an enormous column of twisting wind that moves very fast and destroys houses, raises in the air and throws people, animals and heavy things. Hurricanes and tornados are very common in America and the Atlantic Ocean.
Landslides happen when earth and rocks on slopes become loose or water-laden and they fall down the hills or mountains.
People face great problems after disasters: the water is usually infected, the communication lines (electricity, telephone) are often damaged, most of the buildings and property are destroyed, agricultural crops are also damaged. Natural disasters are great tragedies to many countries and nations. They take a lot of people’s lives. Thousands of people become homeless, unemployed. They need medical and psychological help.
Ответ:
Deadly Floods in Pakistan Destroy Homes and Infrastructure
In late August 2022, massive flooding hit Pakistan following unusually heavy monsoon rains, leaving devastating destruction across the country. The flooding, described as one of the worst in Pakistan's recent history, was caused by monsoon rains that were 10 times heavier than usual.
Regions like Balochistan and Sindh provinces in southern Pakistan received over 490 mm (19 inches) of rain, setting new records and flooding plains and cities. The heavy monsoon downpour overwhelmed existing flood protection infrastructure and caused rivers like the Indus to swell dangerously and burst their banks. Entire towns and villages in the path of the floods were submerged under torrents of brown floodwater.
The consequences of the flooding have been catastrophic. According to officials, over 1,600 people have lost their lives so far in rain-related incidents like building collapses, electrocutions and drowning. The death toll is expected to rise further as rescuers struggle to reach remote areas. Over 33 million people have seen their lives disrupted by the massive floods, with thousands stranded on rooftops awaiting rescue.
The flooding has destroyed or damaged over 2 million homes, washing away buildings and infrastructure. Standing crops on hundreds of thousands of hectares of agricultural land have been destroyed as well. Road networks have been badly hit, cutting off access to some of the worst affected regions. There is a grave risk of waterborne diseases outbreaks like cholera and diarrhea as floodwaters mix with overflowing sewage. Clean drinking water is also scarce.
The devastating floods have left millions homeless and brought widespread destruction across Pakistan. It will take years and immense rebuilding efforts for the country to recover from the impact of this deadly natural disaster.
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