Предмет: Физика, автор: alina204720

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Визначте плюси постійного магніту ​

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Автор ответа: yur4ukti
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зліва південий, справа північний

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Предмет: Английский язык, автор: cumberbatchmargo221b
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Extraction of drugs

The active constituents of drugs are separated from the inert tissue of the plant by the simple process of collecting and expressing the juice from the fresh plant material. Although more and more components of plants are being prepared synthetically now, one knows that isolating from natural sources remains the easiest and the cheapest method of preparation. Moreover it became very modern and actual one in contemporary medicine.

It is generally accepted that sucrose is often obtained from the sugar beet. The first stage of extracting is a diffusion process. The beet is being cut into shreds and extracted by water at 78 to 80 C in a battery of diffusers for some hours. It is important to note that the diffusers are arranged so that the shredded beet passes from a liquid containing less sugar and finally to purified water as quick as possible. For some time the juice is being heated to higher temperature from 80 to 90 C and treated with lime. It is believed that under such conditions it coagulates and absorbs much more colloidal impurities and better neutralizes free acids. After passing carbon dioxide and filtering the treated juice is further purified by passing through sulphur dioxide and filtration. The concentration is now done at a much lower temperature. Then it is necessary to evaporate the filtrate under reduced pressure to a thicker juice. This one reaches the highest saturation or graining point. At this stage of extracting the semi – crystalline mass of sucrose crystals passes to a centrifuge where the mother liquid is separated and the obtained crystals are washed with a little water. The sugar is further cooled, dried and screened.