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Exercise 4. Specify the type oftransfer ofmeaning used to create
the following figures ofquality. State the type ofeach figure:
I. It being his habit not to jump or leap, or make an upward spring,
at anything in life, but to crawl at every thing (Dickens).
2. The Face of London was now strangely altered… the voice of
Mourning was heard in every street (Defoe).
3. Then would come six or seven good years when there might be
20 to 25 inches of rain, and the land would shout with grass
(Steinbeck).
4. Stoney smiled the sweet smile of an alligator (Steinbeck).
5. I have only one good quality - overwhelming belief in the
brains and hearts of our nation, our state, our town (Lewis).
6. At the great doors of the church, through the shady paths of the
Plaza, visible and vanishing again at the mouths of dark streets,
the silent, sinister figures of black-robed women gathered to
wash away their sins (Reed).
7. He made his way through the perfume and conversation
(1. Shaw).
8. England has two eyes, Oxford and Cambridge. They are the
two eyes of England, and two intellectual eyes (Taylor).
9. Mother Nature always blushes before disrobing (Esar).
10. The pennies were saved by bulldozing the grocer (O. Henry).
11. Forty years he had wielded the brush without getting near
enough to touch the hem of his Mistress's robe (O'Henry).
Ответы
Ответ:
Figure: Litotes
Explanation: The figure of litotes is used to create an understatement by denying the opposite of what is being described. In this case, the figure is used to emphasize the protagonist's habit of being cautious and not taking risks.
Figure: Hyperbole
Explanation: The figure of hyperbole is used to create exaggeration for dramatic effect. In this case, it is used to describe the significant impact of mourning in every street of London.
Figure: Personification
Explanation: The figure of personification is used to attribute human qualities to non-human entities. In this case, the land is personified as shouting with grass, emphasizing its vibrancy and fertility.
Figure: Simile
Explanation: The figure of simile is used to compare Stoney's smile to the sweet smile of an alligator, suggesting a sly or deceptive nature.
Figure: Epizeuxis
Explanation: The figure of epizeuxis is used to create emphasis by repeating a word or phrase in immediate succession. In this case, the overwhelming belief in the brains and hearts of the nation, state, and town is emphasized through repetition.
Figure: Imagery
Explanation: The figure of imagery is used to create vivid mental images through descriptive language. In this case, the imagery paints a picture of black-robed women gathering in various locations, conveying a sense of mystery and sin.
Figure: Synesthesia
Explanation: The figure of synesthesia is used to combine sensory experiences or impressions. In this case, the perfume is associated with the conversation, suggesting a sensory fusion.
Figure: Metonymy
Explanation: The figure of metonymy is used to refer to something by mentioning an associated characteristic or attribute. In this case, Oxford and Cambridge represent the intellectual prowess of England.
Figure: Metaphor
Explanation: The figure of metaphor is used to make a comparison between two unrelated things by stating that one thing is another. In this case, Mother Nature blushing is a metaphor for the changing colors of nature during seasonal transitions.
Figure: Metonymy
Explanation: The figure of metonymy is used to refer to something by mentioning a related action or result. In this case, bulldozing the grocer is used to refer to saving money.
Figure: Metonymy
Explanation: The figure of metonymy is used to refer to something by mentioning an associated attribute or quality. In this case, the brush represents the artistic career or activity of the protagonist.