Предмет: Химия, автор: pzvonarev34

Чому всі реакції нейтралізації сильної кислоти сильним лугом у розведених розчинах мають той самий тепловий ефект -55,9 кДж/моль?

Ответы

Автор ответа: spikelegendary275

Ответ:

Тепловий ефект нейтралізації сильної кислоти сильним лугом у розведених розчинах дійсно має стандартне значення приблизно -55,9 кДж/моль. Це може бути пояснено тим, що процес нейтралізації включає у себе передачу протону від кислоти до лугу, що відбувається за умови утворення іонів водню та гідроксид-іонів. Цей процес є екзотермічним, оскільки вільні енергії продуктів є меншими, ніж у вихідних речовинах. Оскільки кожна моль сильної кислоти взаємодіє з однією молекулою сильного лугу, що містить один гідроксид-іон, то тепловий ефект за моль буде однаковий для всіх реакцій нейтралізації сильної кислоти з сильним лугом у розведених розчинах, і буде дорівнювати стандартному значенню -55,9 кДж/моль.

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