Research the education of girls in other countries around the world. Organize the information into a pamphlet on the topic. Choose at least 4 countries from different parts of the world.
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Girls’ Education Around the World
Education is a human right and a powerful tool for transforming lives, especially for girls and young women. However, millions of girls around the world face barriers to education that boys do not. These barriers include poverty, cultural norms and practices, poor infrastructure, violence and fragility. When girls are denied education, they lose the opportunity to learn, grow, and contribute to their communities and societies.
In this pamphlet, we will explore the situation of girls’ education in four countries from different regions of the world: Ethiopia, India, Brazil, and Norway. We will look at some of the challenges and achievements of each country, as well as some of the initiatives and policies that are supporting girls’ education.
Ethiopia
Ethiopia is one of the poorest countries in the world, with a per capita income of $850 in 2019. It is also one of the most populous countries in Africa, with about 112 million people. Ethiopia has made significant progress in expanding access to primary education in the past two decades, but still faces many challenges in ensuring quality and equity. According to UNESCO data, in 2018:
The net enrollment rate for primary education was 86% for boys and 82% for girls.
The gross enrollment rate for secondary education was 38% for boys and 31% for girls.
The literacy rate for adults (15 years and older) was 57% for men and 41% for women.
Some of the barriers that prevent girls from attending and completing school in Ethiopia include:
Early marriage: Ethiopia has one of the highest rates of child marriage in the world, with 40% of girls married before age 18 and 14% before age 15. Child marriage often leads to school dropout, early pregnancy, and health risks.
Gender-based violence: Girls face various forms of violence at home, in school, and in public spaces, such as physical abuse, sexual harassment, rape, abduction, and female genital mutilation/cutting. These practices violate girls’ rights and dignity, and affect their physical and mental well-being.
Household responsibilities: Girls are often expected to perform domestic chores such as fetching water, cooking, cleaning, and caring for siblings or relatives. These tasks limit their time and energy for studying and attending school.
Poverty: Many families cannot afford the direct and indirect costs of education, such as school fees, uniforms, books, transportation, and sanitary pads. Poverty also forces some families to prioritize boys’ education over girls’, or to send their children to work instead of school.
Some of the initiatives and policies that are supporting girls’ education in Ethiopia include:
The National Girls’ Education Strategy (2015-2020): This strategy aims to improve girls’ access, retention, completion, transition, and learning outcomes at all levels of education. It focuses on six strategic areas: creating a conducive environment for girls’ education; enhancing girls’ participation and achievement; improving quality and relevance of education; strengthening institutional capacity; mobilizing resources; and monitoring and evaluation.
India
India is the second most populous country in the world, with about 1.3 billion people. It is also one of the fastest growing economies in the world, with a per capita income of $2,100 in 2019. India has made remarkable progress in increasing access to education for all children, especially girls. According to UNESCO data, in 2018:
The net enrollment rate for primary education was 91% for boys and 90% for girls.
The gross enrollment rate for secondary education was 79% for boys and 77% for girls.
The literacy rate for adults (15 years and older) was 81% for men and 67% for women.
Some of the barriers that prevent girls from attending and completing school in India include:
Child marriage: India has the largest number of child brides in the world, with 15.5 million girls married before age 18. Child marriage often leads to school dropout, early pregnancy, and health risks.
Gender-based violence: Girls face various forms of violence at home, in school, and in public spaces, such as physical abuse, sexual harassment, rape, trafficking, and honor killings. These practices violate girls’ rights and dignity, and affect their physical and mental well-being.
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