Предмет: История, автор: naSamogone

Чому загине річ посполита??? Срооочно ((( пожалуйста

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Автор ответа: Dobro1701boyko

Відповідь:

після великого козацького вторгнення 1648р що згодом спровокувало вторгненням шведів та московитів

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SIGHT INTO HISTORY
It’s high time to confess honestly hardly anybody knows the real history of Khrystynopil. However, it is a sacred duty to know the main points of our history. How was our town founded? How far does its roots go back into history? Who settled here?
The first settlements of ancient tribes refer to the IV-III centuries BC. The next period of intensive populating was the epoch of Kyiv Rus. The settlement called Horodyshche appeared. Later a new settlement Novy Dvir appeared in the close area. The first written recollection about Novy Dvir belonged to 1613 and then this place became the outskirts of Khrystynopil. The archeological materials are a convincing evidence of it.
In the XVII century the advance of Poland was noticeable in the political and cultural life. In May 1685 the crown hetman of Rich Pospolyta Felix Kazymyr Pototsky – one of the richest Polish magnates – acquired the estate in the picturesque locality at the Western Bug. He began to build a stone palace. Since then a new palace became the centre of the estate. In 1692 Pototsky appealed the the King with the request to let the settlement and a new estate have a municipal right. Simultaneously the name Khrystynopil is mentioned for the first time. He named the town after his wife Khrystyna.
Khrystynopil experienced its prosperity within the rule of Frantsyshek Salezy Pototsky. He was famous for his great philanthropy – he built hospitals and one of them was founded by the Bernandyn monastery in Khrystynopil. His wife Anna Pototska was also popular for her numerous charitable foundations.
Within the rule of Frantsyshek Pototsky this palace became a real creation of art. The combination of two styles baroque and early classicism was very interesting in the architectural form of the palace. A wonderful park with the water cascades behind the building should be mentioned here. The lime alley was planted near the park. It’s a pity that we can’t admire all those wonderful masterpieces nowadays.
Beginning with 1772 a rapid life in Khrystynopil began falling into decay. In January Anna Pototska died. Her son Stanislav became the owner of the estate. In March he sold Khrystynopil.
It is known from the files that 153 citizens lived in Khrystynopil in 1784. The Rynok square was populated mainly by Jews. Shoemaking was the main trade of the local people. Not far from the Rynok square there were the largest worship buildings – those of Bernadyn and Vasylian monasteries.
In 1890 there lived 3565 inhabitants: among them 287 Ukrainians, 556 Polish and 2722 Jews. Only 500 people could read and write in Khrystynopil at that time and 82% of the population was illiterate. The main trades were shoemaking and agriculture. In1951 Khrystynopil formed part of the Ukrainian Socialist Republic. Then the former Khrystynopil was forgotten and instead of it the history of a new mining town Chervonograd began.
Task 1 Match the numbers to the letters ( 3 points)
1. roots
2. inhabitant
3. the outskirts
4. appeal
5. simultaneously e) the furthest part from a town or a city
6. prosperity
7. charitable
8. masterpiece
9. tribes
f) relating to giving help to the poor
g) a permanent resident
h) the origin or main part of something
a) ask
b) happening at the same time
i)
social groups of people with the same way of life
c) when people have everything for a good life d) anything done with mastery skill
Task 2 Are the statements TRUE or FALSE? ( 3 points)
1. Horodyshche appeared after Novy Dvir.
2. The center of Khrystynopil came from Novy Dvir.

3. Khrystynopil was named after the wife of the owner of the palace.
4. Anna Pototska was famous for her kindness.
5. The area around the palace was well-designed.
6. In the XIX century the main population in Khrystynopil were Ukrainains.
Task 3 Answer the questions based on the text ( 3 points)
1. When did the first settlements on the territory of Khrystynopil appear?
2. Who was Felix Kzymyr Pototsky?
3. Why did Felix Kazymyr Pototsky appeal the king in 1692?
4. What styles did the palace combine?
5. What was the main trade in Khrystynopil in the XVIII century?
6. What does number 82 refer to in the text?

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