Предмет: Геометрия, автор: golembievskad

Довести рівність трикутників за стороною і проведеними до неї медіаною і висотою.

Ответы

Автор ответа: shotnicheck37
2

Ответ:

Нехай ABC - трикутник, M - середина сторони BC, H - опущена з вершини A на сторону BC, AM - медіана. Треба довести, що AM = 1/2 * AH.

Розглянемо трикутники ABM та ACH:

ABM:

Сторона AB спільна.

Сторона BM спільна і ділиться точкою M на дві рівні частини.

Сторона AM спільна і ділиться точкою M на дві рівні частини (M - середина).

Звідси випливає, що трикутники ABM і ACH мають спільний кут при вершині A.

ACH:

Сторона AC спільна.

Сторона CH - висота, опущена на сторону AC.

Звідси випливає, що кут між стороною AC та висотою CH прямий (90°), а отже, трикутник ACH є прямокутним.

Таким чином, маємо два подібні трикутники зі спільним кутом між сторонами AB та AC, тому за теоремою про подібність трикутників:

AB/AC = AM/AH

Або, еквівалентно:

AM = AB * AH / AC

Але ми знаємо, що в прямокутному трикутнику ACH виконується:

AH^2 + HC^2 = AC^2

Звідси маємо:

AH^2 = AC^2 - HC^2

AH^2 = AC^2 - (AB^2/4)

AH^2 = (4AC^2 - AB^2)/4

AH = sqrt((4AC^2 - AB^2)/4)

AH = 1/2 * sqrt(4AC^2 - AB^2)

Підставляючи це значення AH у попереднє рівняння, отримуємо:

AM = AB * AH / AC

AM = AB * (1/2 * sqrt(4AC^2 - AB^2)) / AC

AM = AB * sqrt(4AC^2 - AB^2) / (2AC)

AM = sqrt((4AB^2 - AB^2)/4)

AM = 1/2 * AB

Отже, довели, що AM = 1/2 * AH, що і треба було довести.

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