Предмет: Алгебра, автор: anna20070907z

Если в геометрической прогрессии второй член равен 56, а четвертый член равен 16, то найдите третий член и сумму данной прогрессии ​

Ответы

Автор ответа: Artem112
13

Сумма бесконечно убывающей геометрической прогрессии:

S=\dfrac{b_1}{1-q}

Характеристическое свойство геометрической прогрессии: Квадрат каждого члена прогрессии, начиная со второго, равен произведению предыдущего и последующего членов:

b_n^2=b_{n-1}b_{n+1}

В частности:

b_3^2=b_2b_4

Второй и четвертый член известны, тогда запишем:

b_3^2=56\cdot16

Откуда:

b_3=\pm\sqrt{56\cdot16} =\pm4\sqrt{56} =\pm8\sqrt{14}

Таким образом, возможны две ситуации:

1) Если все члены прогрессии положительны, то:

b_3=8\sqrt{14}

q=\dfrac{b_3}{b_2} =\dfrac{8\sqrt{14} }{56} =\dfrac{\sqrt{14} }{7}

b_1=\dfrac{b_2}{q} =56:\dfrac{\sqrt{14} }{7} =\dfrac{56\cdot7}{\sqrt{14} }= \dfrac{56\cdot7\cdot\sqrt{14} }{\sqrt{14}\cdot\sqrt{14}  } =\dfrac{56\cdot7\cdot\sqrt{14} }{14  } =28\sqrt{14}

Тогда, сумма данной прогрессии:

S=\dfrac{28\sqrt{14} }{1-\dfrac{\sqrt{14} }{7} }=\dfrac{28\sqrt{14}\left(1+\dfrac{\sqrt{14} }{7}\right) }{\left(1-\dfrac{\sqrt{14} }{7}\right) \left(1+\dfrac{\sqrt{14} }{7}\right)}= \dfrac{28\sqrt{14}+\dfrac{28\sqrt{14}\cdot\sqrt{14} }{7} }{1^2-\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{14} }{7}\right)^2}=

=\dfrac{28\sqrt{14}+56}{1-\dfrac{14 }{49}}=\dfrac{28\sqrt{14}+56}{1-\dfrac{2}{7}}=\dfrac{7(28\sqrt{14}+56)}{7-2}=\dfrac{196\sqrt{14}+392}{5}

2) Если знаки членов прогрессии чередуются, то:

b_3=-8\sqrt{14}

q=\dfrac{b_3}{b_2} =\dfrac{-8\sqrt{14} }{56} =-\dfrac{\sqrt{14} }{7}

b_1=\dfrac{b_2}{q} =56:\left(-\dfrac{\sqrt{14} }{7} \right)=-28\sqrt{14}

Тогда, сумма данной прогрессии:

S=\dfrac{-28\sqrt{14} }{1-\left(-\dfrac{\sqrt{14} }{7} \right)}=\dfrac{-28\sqrt{14}\left(1-\dfrac{\sqrt{14} }{7}\right) }{\left(1+\dfrac{\sqrt{14} }{7}\right) \left(1-\dfrac{\sqrt{14} }{7}\right)}= \dfrac{-28\sqrt{14}+\dfrac{28\sqrt{14}\cdot\sqrt{14} }{7} }{1^2-\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{14} }{7}\right)^2}=

=\dfrac{-28\sqrt{14}+56}{1-\dfrac{14 }{49}}=\dfrac{56-28\sqrt{14}}{1-\dfrac{2}{7}}=\dfrac{7(56-28\sqrt{14})}{7-2}=\dfrac{392-196\sqrt{14}}{5}

Ответ: либо b_3=8\sqrt{14} ;\ S=\dfrac{196\sqrt{14}+392 }{5}, либо b_3=-8\sqrt{14} ;\ S=\dfrac{392-196\sqrt{14} }{5}


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