Предмет: Литература, автор: tburenkova5

Изучите статью "ЛИРИКА ПУШКИНА", составьте конспект этой статьи.

Ответы

Автор ответа: ari131211sha
1

Ответ:

Объяснение:

Тема природы - одна из центральных в лирике Пушкина. Она присутствует в произведениях всех периодов творчества поэта, каждый из которых имеет свои неповторимые оттенки образов природы в стихотворениях.

В ранних стихотворениях заметно влияние классицизма, а потому природа зачастую играла в них лишь роль фона. Кроме того, присутствуют черты сентиментализма, идиллическое описание природы. При этом «Деревня» политически окрашенное стихотворение, оно даже распространялось в списках, как и другие свободолюбивые стихи петербургского периода. Если первая части символизирует бегство поэта на лоно природы, то во второй говорится о «невежестве», порожденном барством и рабством. В произведении «Погасло дневное светило...» пейзаж в виде «море синего», «тумана», «угрюмого океана», служит фоном для воспоминаний о «прежних» годах «безумной любви».

В южный период творчество Пушкина можно отнести к романтизму. Стихия и вольная природа противопосталены человеческой несвободе.

Любимый жанр романтической лирики - элегия. В этом жанре написано этапное, последнее «южное» стихотворение поэта «К морю». В нем стихия, природа противопоставляется несвободе в обществе: «Прощай, свободная стихия!» Прощаясь с морем, автор прощается с романтизмом, двумя его символами: Наполеоном и Байроном. Образ моря в свою очередь являет собой образ друга.

В стихотворениях более поздних периодов отсутствуют эпитеты, свойственных более ранним произведениям, средства изображения природы становятся более реалистичными. Например, в стихотворении «Анчар», «пустыня» «чахлая и скупая», а «почва» «раскалена» «зноем». Нередко встречается зимний пейзаж.

В Михайловском Александр Сергеевич увлекся описанием среднерусского пейзажа. Например, в произведении «Осень» чувствуется общность людей, поэта с природой. Автору «дни поздней осени» «милы», это «очей очарованье!»

Именно в поздний период своего творчества в работах Пушкина явно проглядываются новаторские методы в изображении природы. В стихотворениях этого времени появляются пейзажи разных типов: психологического, философского, социального.

Психологический пейзаж присутствует в стихах «Осень» и «На холмах Грузии лежит ночная мгла...». В последнем поэт, созерцая красоты грузинского пейзажа, печалится о любимой. Поэт передает состояние души героя через природу. Кроме того, психологизм пейзажам придает и личное отношение поэта к разным временам года.


tburenkova5: А можно кратко
tburenkova5: ????????????
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Sometimes it is hard to understand why recycling helps the earth. The main principal is that recycling saves the energy that would be otherwise required to produce waste products again. Production along with other polluting factors such as transport is increasing the levels of harmful gases in the atmosphere and this is causing the global temperature to rise. As a result, weather patterns have changed in some areas, which have had devastating effects such as more natural disasters and problems in farming and agriculture.

The saddest part is that most affected areas are the underdeveloped countries in the global south who don't have enough money or resources to waste like we do and therefore they don't largely contribute to global warming. Whilst they struggle with natural disasters and changing weathers affecting their food production, people like us living in developed countries that are mostly located in the global north experience few problems. Furthermore, many people believe that a change in global temperature is natural and has occurred throughout history. That is correct, but it is scientifically proven that global warming as a consequence of human activity does contribute to climate change. The current global temperature is rising very quickly and it won't be long before we won't be able to live in certain parts of the world due to extreme weather.

Choosing not to recycle increases landfill and many of the items that are put in landfills take hundreds of years to decompose. Many items, such as glass, never decompose and will stay there forever. The world is already overpopulated and eventually we may run out of space. Nobody wants to end up living next to a landfill. Packaging is also included in the price of the items we buy and putting them in landfill is not only wasting resources, but money as well. Plastic bags are a perfect example. Why do we get a plastic bag every time we go to the shop? In some places people have to pay for plastic bags, therefore we can save both money and resources through taking a reusable bag to the shops. It is also easier, as plastic bags don't last very long and aren't particularly easy to carry.

Additionally, continuing to produce items made from wood, card and paper is causing deforestation, which not only destroys the habitat of animals and makes them endangered, but also increases carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, as trees and plants are vital for producing oxygen and absorbing carbon dioxide through photosynthesis. Recycling paper and card can help prevent this.

There are also negative aspects of recycling, for example melting old plastic down to make new items can use a lot of energy. For this reason some cities choose to limit what they can recycle and send general waste to be burnt. On the one hand this is a method of producing energy but on the other hand it causes further pollution. Despite this, as long as we continue to produce more waste, environmental degradation will cause more problems and we will have less resources, so we need a solution.

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