Предмет: Биология, автор: domfedora2201

Пж помогите.Строение клубня и строение луковицы

Ответы

Автор ответа: ddoki
5

Ответ:

Строение клубня

Клубни отличаются от корневищ тем, что у них стебель короткий и толстый, а листья недоразвиты. Как и на всяком побеге, у них имеются почки и расположены они на верхушке и в пазухах недоразвитых листьев. Придаточные корни на клубнях не развиваются. Клубни у картофеля вырастают из подземных почек не сразу. Сначала из почки растёт длинный белый подземный побег — столон. Столон живёт меньше года. Верхушка со временем начинает утолщаться и превращается к осени в клубень.

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Строение луковицы

Семена растений обычно прорастают, попав в землю находятся на некоторой глубине. Самый первый побег, растущий из почки зародыша, должен пробиться сквозь почву. На этой подземной части стебля обычно вырастают первые придаточные корни. Они могут втягивать основание стебля в почву ещё глубже, чем оно было погружено первоначально. В отличие от корневищ и клубней, у луковиц хорошо развиты листья, а стебель очень короткий и плоский. Его называют «донцем».

На верхушке донца под прикрытием чешуй находится почка, из которой вырастает надземный побег. Из пазушных почек, расположенных ниже верхушечной, образуются новые «дочерние» луковицы. Из каждой дочерней луковицы — «детки» может вырасти новое растение.

Объяснение:

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