Предмет: Физика, автор: stmacc16324

Какова должна быть сила тяги F двигателя, чтобы автомобиль массой т = 1500 кг набрал скорость = 60 км/ч за время t=5 с, если коэффициент трения =0,5?

Ответы

Автор ответа: Аноним
4

Дано:

 m = 1500  кг

 v_{0} = 0

 v = 60  км/ч  \approx 16,7  м/с

 t = 5  c

 \mu = 0,5

 g = 10 м/с²

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Найти:  F_{T} - ?

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Решение. Автомобиль набирает скорость, значит, будем считать это движение равноускоренным, где  a = \frac{v - v_{0}}{t} = \frac{16,7-0}{5} = 3,34    м/с².

На тело действуют четыре силы: сила тяжести  m\vec{g} , сила  \vec{N} нормальной реакции опоры, сила тяги  \vec{F}_{T} и сила сопротивления  \vec{F}_{CO\varPi P} .

Автомобиль увеличивает свою скорость, поэтому ускорение движения автомобиля направлено в сторону направлению движения.

Свяжем систему координат с автомобилем на поверхности Земли, ось OY направим вертикально вверх, ось OX - горизонтально, в направлении движения автомобиля.

Запишем второй закон Ньютона в векторном виде:

 \vec{F}_{T} + \vec{N} + m\vec{g} + \vec{F}_{CO\varPi P}= m\vec{a} .

Спроецируем уравнение на оси координат и запишем выражение для силы сопротивления:

 \left \{ {{OX: F_{T} - F_{CO\varPi P} = ma} \atop {OY: N - mg = 0}} \right.

 F_{CO\varPi P} = \mu N

Решив полученную систему уравнений, найдём  F_{T} :

 N = mg \Rightarrow F_{CO\varPi P} = \mu mg

Отсюда  F_{T} - \mu mg = ma \Rightarrow F_{T} = ma + \mu mg = m(a + \mu g)

Определим значение искомой величины:

 F_{T} = 1500 \cdotp(3,34 + 0,5 \cdotp 10) = 1500 \cdotp 8,34 = 12510  H

Ответ:  F_{T} = 12510  H

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