Question

Complete the following text with the words from the box. Translate the text.

criminal types; capital punishment; inmates; case studies; upbringing; investigations; suspended; multiple; unthinkable; rehabilitative.

Cesare Lombroso, professor of psychiatry and anthropology at the University of Turin, sought through firsthand observation and measurement of prison _________ to determine the characteristics of _______. Some of his __________ allowed him to establish the existence of “hereditary criminals”. Lombroso held that such criminals exhibit a higher percentage of physical and mental anomalies than do noncriminals. Among these anomalies, were various unusual skull sizes and asymmetries of the facial bones.
Other scholars helped to introduce the ideas that crime has ________ causes and that most criminals are not born criminal but are shaped by their __________ and associations. Thus, the emphasis in criminology had turned to experimental _____ _____ and to preventive and _______ measures. Without this contribution into the scientific study of criminals the present-day alternatives to ____________ and old-fashioned imprisonment such as probation, ________ sentence, fines, and parole would have been _________.

Answer 1

Cesare Lombroso, professor of psychiatry and anthropology at the University of Turin, sought through firsthand observation and measurement of prison __ inmates__ to determine the characteristics of __criminal types__. Some of his ___ investigations___ allowed him to establish the existence of “hereditary criminals”. Lombroso held that such criminals exhibit a higher percentage of physical and mental anomalies than do noncriminals. Among these anomalies, were various unusual skull sizes and asymmetries of the facial bones.
Other scholars helped to introduce the ideas that crime has _multiple_ causes and that most criminals are not born criminal but are shaped by their __upbringing__ and associations. Thus, the emphasis in criminology had turned to experimental _ case studies__ and to preventive and _ rehabilitative_ measures. Without this contribution into the scientific study of criminals the present-day alternatives to __capital punishment__ and old-fashioned imprisonment such as probation, __suspended__ sentence, fines, and parole would have been _unthinkable___.